Monitoring and Evaluation in Farmer Innovation Programme

MONITORING AND EVALUATION

•Inclusion of PID into larger training and implementation programmes

linked to food security

Activities

⚫Set up learning groups for

each LM (4x30ind)

⚫Elect and train 4 local food

security assistants per LM.

Each supports 30 hh and 1

group project

⚫Run the learning group

training and interventions

⚫Select 40 beneficiaries per LM

to receive RWH tanks

⚫Link and work with local clinic

gardens, school gardens and

feeding schemes, NGO and

CBO initiatives

⚫Towards the end of yr 1, select

beneficiaries for 2nd yr.....

Learning Groups

•It starts with the generic (which is broad

enough to cover the overall topics in

most contexts);

•Followed by an approximate

contextualisation (for instance, according

to the local natural resource base); and

•Then eventually, specific training needs

are defined only once the learning group

has been formed and prior learning of the

participating households established.

•For individuals supported by a group

•Over a period of time in the

community

•3-5hr sessions every 3-6 weeks

•Always review previous session and

assess practical implementation

•Practical demonstrations on site

•Materials provided for

experimentation

•Written materials and visual aids

(local language, posters, DVDs,

calendars etc)

•Ideas and technologies introduced

•Ongoing support by community level

facilitators

Learning needs assessments

Learning group process

Practical demonstrations and

farmer experimentation

-Demonstrations of new ideas

-Practical implementation in the

workshop

Example 2

Area

►

Implementation

▼

uHa

Mas

hing

eni

Gez

obus

Vulis

aka

Mbhi

zane

Mafu

ndze

Aver

age

No of people attend

trg

in area

140

379 (total)

Trench beds

100%

83%

94%

Mixed cropping/ crop

rotation

50%

25%

67%

56%

50%

Clear paths,use of

kraal manure

100%

83%

94%

RWH ditches

20%

94%

83%

64%

Liquid manure

90%

92%

100%

83%

90%

Wind break

30%

20%

17%

50%

33%

31%

Mulching

34%

67%

33%

28%

Natural pest and

disease control

92%

33%

83%

49%

Farmer

experimentation

90%

92%

100%

83%

90%

Foodfrom the garden

(no of times/ week)

2.5 x/wk

2 x/wk

3 x/wk

2 x/wk

1.6 x/wk

2 x/wk

2.5 x/wk

Selling from garden

70%

40%

92%

67%

17%

50%

No of

trgs attended;

≥

3 of 5

20%

36%

49%

32%

37%

13%

31%

Fruit trees to homes

monitored

73%

90%

92%

67%

77%

67%

78%

Comments per area

Large,

disparate grp,

some interest

Small grp,

waning

interest

Coherent

community

garden grp

Comm

garden,little

interest

Large

coherent

grp

Large, disparate

grp, little

interest

MONITORING AND EVALUATION; CA

PROGRAMME

•CA indicators and scoring

•VSA- Visual Soil Assessment

•PES- Payment for Ecosystem services

Local monitoring of visual indicators

•Indicators have been chosen

that can be monitored visually

and throughout the growth

season of the crop. The

intention is twofold:

•To assess different indicators

for their reliability ,robustness,

sensitivity to change in

management practices and

•To design a system that can be

locally implemented by

facilitators and farmer.

•% soil cover at planting (From 0% - no

cover to 100% full cover); Cover of the soil

looking from above- can be crop residue,

weeds, mulch, grass etc)

•% crop canopy cover at 6-8 weeks (From

0% - no cover to 100% full cover); Cover of

the soil looking from above- crop cover/

canopy)–a new indicator

•% Weed infestation(0%- very high weed

incidence, complete yield loss; to 100%- no

weeds zero yield loss)

•% Pest occurrence (0%-very high infestation

, complete yield loss, to 100%- no insect

pests and zero yield loss)

•% growth ; (germination, colour, height,

health)

•% growth of cover crop (from 0% –not

planted or not germinated to 100% full

germination and excellent growth) –A new

indicator that has been included this year,

but not yet added to the overall score for

each participant

Values

Row Labels

Runoff

Average of

Cover

crops

Average of

%Cover

(at

planting)

Average of %

Weeds (0%)

–high weed

infestation –

to (100%) no

weeds,

Average

of % pests

(0%) bad-

(100%)

–

Average of %

growth

(germination,

colour,

height,

health)

Average of

Overall

score (10)

Lelatso Thuso

70%

10%

75%

85%

30%

Bulelwa Dzingwa

10%

15%

75%

85%

65%

Mahutlong Dodo

10%

65%

90%

70%

5,9

Majaokbo Sabasaba

15%

90%

20%

3,3

Mamolelekeng Lebuoea

100%

10%

90%

80%

6,5

Manapo Moshoeshoe

55%

80%

60%

Manyalleng Sikhosana

70%

10%

70%

85%

70%

5,9

Matshepo Futhu

60%

10%

55%

85%

65%

5,4

Mohajane Kanetsi

10%

15%

80%

75%

4,5

Mongezi Bhekaphezulu

40%

80%

55%

4,6

Nkosiyamankwali

Maqungo

25%

80%

40%

Nokuphiwa Phekula

10%

90%

35%

3,5

Nthabiseng Moshoeshoe

10%

35%

80%

65%

4,8

Siyabonga Maqungo

10%

80%

10%

2,6

Thabiso Dihollo

13%

45%

78%

75%

Tsolonae Mapheele

55%

15%

63%

85%

58%

5,5

Grand Total

21%

10%

45%

83%

54%

4,8

CA Scores for Matatiele; 2015

•Control plot scores are lower

on average than the trial plots

•Trial plot scores for the 2nd

year are higher than for the

1st year. This is expected due

to better management of

trials by participant farmers as

they get used to the process

and are able to improve

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

CA scores for control and trial plots; Stulwane

2 seasons

Control - Year 1

Control - Year 2

Trial plot - Year 1

Trial plot - Year 2

A comparison of scores over 2 seasons for Stulwane; Bergville

Visual indicator of SoilQualityVisual Score (VS)

0 =Poor conditions

1 =Moderate conditions

2 =Good conditions

Weighing VS Ranking

Soil Structure3

Soil porosity3

Soil colour2

Number and colour of soil mottles1

Earthworm counts2

Soil cover at planting 2

Crop cover at 6-8 weeks2

Soil depth2

Run-off 2

Ranking Score (sum of VS rankings) Max =38

VSA; Visual soil assessment

Crop emergence (% germination)3

Crop growth and height(%;

overall

growth and colour-

relative

height at time of assessment)

3

Weed infestation2

Crop yield3

Size and development of

root

system



Surfaceponding /water infiltration



Production costs



Ranking Score (sum of VS rankings) Max =22

CA monitoring

scores

VSA

Soil scores

VSA

plant scores

Yields

Above

average ≥7 >28 >15

-8.9 tons/ha

Average

5-6.9 11-28 7-15

-2.9tons/ha

Below

average 3-4.9<11 <7

≤

1ton/ha

Combination of yields, CA scores and VSA

6.5

7.625

8.625

7.96

8.125

4.75

8.25

7.875

5.45

7.95

8.625

05 10 15 20 25 30 35

2,7

3,6

4,8

6,7

5,7

2,2

3,9

5,1

1,8

Year 2 Year 2 Year 2Year 2 Year 2 Year 2Year 2 Year 2 Year 2Year 2 Year 2

Bange

Dlami

Cazile

Zimba

Cupile

Buthel

ezi

Dlezak

Hlong

wane

Khule

kani

Dladla

Landil

Nsele

Maket

Dladla

Mthol

eni

Dlami

Phasa

zile

Sitheb

Thulisl

Hlong

wane

Zaman

Dladla

Trial plot - Sum of Overall score

(10)

Trial plot - Sum of VSA Scores soil

Trial plot - Sum of VSA scores

plant

Gardening process

No (N= 12)

NOTES

Dedicated beds with paths6-

Not walking on beds, placing manure over entire bed

–

increases soil structure, fertility and water holding

capacity

Use kraal manure8

Making compost6-Mtubatuba

households have been taught composting

–not used in other areas

Trench beds5

Key hole gardens1-Msinga–rocky area with severe water restrictions.

Liquid manure8

Natural pest control9Examples include: -Identifying pestsand pest

predators -using ash for ants -making brews from

indigenous plants-mixed cropping

Planting different vegetables 10 Also-planting and caring for seed and seedlings

-planting seed in trays, bottles nad

other containersfor

germination before transplanting.

Planting in different seasons3

Mixed cropping7

Water conservation8Including; -mulching -using grey water

-making run-off ditches at the top and bottom of the

garden

Assistance with infrastructure8Due to students being involved and part of an

organisation and through their express motivation

and help.

Seed saving6

Some images

Clockwise: Keyhole

garden in Msinga,

sask garden

(KwaHhoho), Banan

circle (KhulaVillage),

orange fleshed

sweet potato,

avocado trees,

mixed cropping-

maize, sorghum,

imfe, cowpeas and

cassava.

Before, we did not have a garden since there was

no water. With the help of the student we started

making a garden and got knowledge on rain water

harvesting. (Msinga)

We have learnt to produce our own food in stead

of just buying all the time. (Khula)

Information and relationship with the students

has helped us a lot. We are now planting our own

garden, saving money and eating a variety of

vegetables. The money we get from selling

vegetables is used for other household

needs.(KwaHhoho)

We have improved our care practises for

ourselves and our children; eating more fresh

food and treatment of infectious diseases such as

diarrhoea. (Msinga)

Thank you