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APPENDIX 3: EASTERN CAPE AND
SOUTHERN KZN PROGRESS REPORT
CA Farmer Innovation Programme for
smallholders.
Period:October 2019 - September2020
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Compiled)by:)
Erna)Kruger,)Mazwi)Dlamini,)Temakholo)Mathebula,)
Nontokozo)Mdletshe)and)Hendrik)Smith)
September)2020"
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#"
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3"
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Executive!Summary!
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Background!and!Organisational!Information!
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7>"(78*+8)7);"+887,/*+78\"<'/08+86"/89"(J/86'"+8"/"8).A'0"7>"9+>>'0'8*"/0'/;\"+8(<)9+86";7(+/<\"
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*J'"9';+68\"+8*079)(*+78"/89">/(+<+*/*+78"7>"/"0'/;78/A<1"(7.E<'&"=-"Z+887,/*+78";1;*'.["/EE07/(J"
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9+>>'0'8*">/(*70;\"/<<"7>"IJ+(J"8''9"*7"A'"+8*'60/*'9\"*J);"0'b)+0+86"/"I'<<D9';+68'9"/89">/(+<+*/*'9"
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TJ)"5:E)9859A>)G567869)B5K9)568)A6H5><98B)<>)85:E)5685P)^A<>;FK)D<;E);E8)F856><>H)H6AC@9P)$*)GA6C79)5>B)<>>A=5;<A>)@F5;GA679)568)
@6A7A;8B)DE868)5FF)9;5X8EAFB869)<>)5)68H<A>)^A<>);E898)GA6C79);A)9E568P)B<9:C99)5>B)@F5>);AH8;E86J)%E<9)<>:FCB89)6AF8)@F5K869)9C:E)59)
+*1+P)!A:<5F)+8=8FA@78>;P)#5>B)$568P)#A:5F)5>B)+<9;6<:;),C><:<@5F<;<89P)*H6<LC9<>899)986=<:8)@6A=<B869)5>B)(_'9))
F"
"
=8"*J+;";'/;78"Z#B!CD#B#B["I'"J/,'">7();'9"78"*J'">7<<7I+86"'<'.'8*;"7>"*J'".79'<\"8/.'<1@""
/[-)EE70*">/0.'0;"IJ7"/0'"+8"*J'+0"!st\"#nd\"$rd"/89"3th";'/;78;"7>"+.E<'.'8*/*+78\"
A[T78;(+7);"+8(<);+78"7>"(07E"07*/*+78"*7"(7.E/0'"I+*J"+8*'0(07EE+86"*0+/<;"
([=8(<);+78"7>";)..'0"(7,'0"(07E;"+8"*J'"(07E"07*/*+78"*0+/<;"
9[=8*079)(*+78"7>";J70*";'/;78"./+V'",/0+'*+';"
'[=8+*+/*+78"7>"/"<+,';*7(5"TK">799'0";*0+E"(07EE+86"9'.78;*0/*+78"*0+/<\">70"E079)(*+78"7>"
I+8*'0">799'0"/89"60/V+86"/89"/;"/8"'07;+78"(78*07<"E0/(*+('"
>[=8+*+/*+78"7>"879';">70">/0.'0"('8*0';"*J/*"(/8"7>>'0"*77<;\"+8E)*"E/(5;"/89"/9,+('"/89"
6[=8+*+/*+78"7>"/"./05'*+86"T77E'0/*+,'"+8"L678678+8+2"
Key!activities:!October!2019-September!2020!
=.E<'.'8*/*+78"J/;"(78*+8)'9"+8"*J0''";7)*J'08"?PL"/0'/;"ZR/*/*+'<'\"T0'+6J*78\"/89"=&7E7["+8"
!!",+<</6';2"G<//*';*/*"/89"L75I'f/"J/,'"A''8"9+;(78*+8)'9"9)'"*7"9I+89<+86"+8*'0';*2"N'/08+86"
607)E"8).A'0;"+8"-E0+86,/<<'1\":>/>/"/89"%./V/A'5I'8+"J/,'"+8(0'/;'9"A1"!$\"##"/89"$"8'I"
E/0*+(+E/8*;"0';E'(*+,'<12"]J'"E/0*8'0;J+E"I+*J"?PL^KY^"J/;"A''8"+8+*+/*'9"/89"/">799'0";*0+E"
(07EE+86"TK"*0+/<"J/;"A''8";'*")E"+8"R/9V+5/8'2""-)EE70*">70"*J'"$"'&+;*+86"W-NK;"J/;"(78*+8)'9"
/89" +8(<)9'9" ;./<<" A);+8';;" 9','<7E.'8*" *0/+8+862" W-NK" +8*079)(*701" .''*+86;" I'0'" J<'9" +8"
:>/>/"8/9"G</+8J+<<"/89"/"8'I"W-NK"I/;";'*")E"+8"L678678+8+2""K"./05'*+86"(77E'0/*+,'"J/;"A''8"
';*/A<+;J'9" +8" L678678+8+2" ]J+;" (77E'0/*+,'" /<;7" E</1;" /" ('8*0/<" 07<'" +8" +8E)*" ;)EE<1" /89"
9+;*0+A)*+78" /;" I'<<" /;" ./8/6'.'8*" /89" );'" 7>" ;J/0'9" TK" 'b)+E.'8*" /89" +;" +8" *J'" A'6+88+86"
;*/6';"7>"A'+86";'*")E"/;"/">/0.'0"('8*0'">70"*J'"/0'/2"
]J'";*/5'J7<9'0">70)."+8"R/9V+5/8'"J/;"A''8"(78*+8)'9"/89"/">/0.'0;e"9/1"I/;"J'<9"78"*J'"!!th"
7>"^'('.A'0\"+8(<)9+86";*/5'J7<9'0;";)(J"/;"?PL^KY^\"N/89T/0'"0'E0';'8*/*+,';\"*J'"O/0.+86"
-1;*'.;" _8+*" /*" T'9/0/" /89"*J'" N%^" ;'(*+78" 7>" *J'" L57;/V/8/" ^</.+8+" P)./" NR2" " K" >)0*J'0"
>/0.'0;e"9/1"I/;"J'<9"+8":>/>/"+8"R/0(J"#B#B2"
-7+<">'0*+<+*1\"/89";7+<"J'/<*J"/8/<1;';"J/,'"A''8"978'">70"#F"/89"X"E/0*+(+E/8*;"0';E'(*+,'<12"-7+<"
>'0*+<+*1"/8/<1;+;"+89+(/*'9"/"0'9)(*+78"+8"/(+9";/*)0/*+78"/89"/(().)</*+78"7>"706/8+("(/0A78"/89"
8+*076'8"+8"*J'"TK"*0+/<"E<7*;"7,'0"*+.'2""K8"/88)/<"+8(0'/;'"7>"/07)89"B\!a"706/8+("./**'0"J/;"
A''8"87*'9">70"*J'"TK";1;*'.2"Y/+8>/<<"/89"0)87>>";)../0+';"J/,'"/6/+8"+89+(/*'9"/";+68+>+(/8*"
0'9)(*+78"+8"0)87>>"78"*J'"TK"*0+/<"E<7*;"IJ'8"(7.E/0'9"*7".787D(07EE'9"TK"(78*07<;@"3a"/89"
Ua" 7>" 0/+8>/<<" 0';E'(*+,'<12" K,'0/6'" A)<5" 9'8;+*1" 7>" TK" *0+/<" E<7*;" .'/;)0'9" I/;" !\!#" 6Q(.3\"
(7.E/0'9"*7"B\X$"6Q(.3">70"*J'"TK"(78*07<"E<7*;2"g/*'0"E079)(*+,+*1"J/;"A''8"(/<()</*'9">70"*J'"
>+0;*" *+.'"/89" E07,+9'9" /" 6779" +89+(/*+78" >70" .)(J" +.E07,'9" I/*'0" E079)(*+,+*1" >70" *J'" TK"
+8*'0(07EE'9"E<7*;"IJ'8"(7.E/0'9"*7"/";+86<'"(07EE'9"./+V'"TK"(78*07<2"
Progress'
]J'"E07f'(*"+;"87I"7E'0/*+78/<"/(07;;"!!",+<</6';"/(07;;"R/*/*+'<'"/89"-?PL\"I+*J"/";+68+>+(/8*"
+8(0'/;'"+8"<'/08+86"607)E;"/89"E/0*+(+E/8*;"/;".'8*+78'9"/A7,'2"
]J'"A/;+("'&E'0+.'8*/<"9';+68"I/;">7<<7I'9">70"/<<"!st"1'/0"E/0*+(+E/8*;"/89".7;*"7>"*J'"#nd"1'/0"
E/0*+(+E/8*;" /;" I'<<2" W/0+/*+78;" >70" $rd"/89" 3th"1'/0" E/0*+(+E/8*;" J/,'" +8(<)9'9" (07E" 07*/*+78\"
+8*'0(07EE+86\";)..'0"/89"I+8*'0"(7,'0"(07E".+&';\"E</8*+86"7>"</AD</A"A'/8;\">799'0"(07E;"/89"
</*'";'/;78"E</8*+86"7>"A'/8;2"
U"
"
]J'" */A<'" A'<7I" 7)*<+8';" /(*+,+*+';" 0'</*'9" *7" 7Af'(*+,';" /89" 5'1" +89+(/*70;" >70" *J'" E'0+79" 7>"
:(*7A'0"#B!C"D-'E*'.A'0"#B#B2""""""""""
Table 1:!SUMMARY&OF&PROGRESS&(OCTOBER&2019&&SEPTEMBER&2020)&RELATED&TO&OBJECTIVES&AND&KEY&ACTIVITIES*
Objectives*
Key*activities*
%*completion*and*
comment*
!"#$%&'($)*+)
&,)-./0/-)1.)
2034151204,36)
3-7-0358)
3-904-:)4,)48-)
7;0998,9:-3)
5,.7-3<041,.)
0/315=94=3-)
>03;1./)
7674-;?)
1.59=:1./)
072-547),>)7,19)
8-0948@)A04-3)
5,.7-3<041,.)
0.:)1.53-07-:)
23,:=541<146)
0.:):1<-37146)
=71./)0)
9-03.1./)
7674-;7)
0223,058B)
)
C-6)0541<146)*B)
D03;-3)9-<-9)
-E2-31;-.4041,.)
0.:)
:-;,.743041,.7)1.)
>,::-3)23,:=541,.)
7674-;7)
)
)
)
C-6)0541<146)FB)G,19)
8-0948)0.:)A04-3)
5,.7-3<041,.)
;,.14,31./)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
C-6)0541<146)HB))
G40I-8,9:-3)
-./0/-;-.4)1.)
2034151204,36)
3-7-0358+)
)
%,<-3)53,27)290.4-:)
Q6)*S]),>)
203415120.47)
)
K*[[])5,;29-41,.L)
)
)
)
G,19)>-3419146)
70;29-7)3-7=947)
80<-)Q--.)0.0967-:)
0.:)03-)1.59=:-:)1.)
4817)3-2,34)
)
G,19)8-0948)70;29-)
3-7=947)80<-)Q--.)
,Q401.-:)0.:)
0.096717)17)1.)
23,5-77B)
K*[[])5,;29-41,.L)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
K*[[])5,;29-41,.L)
!"#$%&'($)F+)
&,)1.53-07-)
48-)
7=7401.0Q19146)
0.:)->>151-.56)
,>)%M)7674-;7)
1.)48-)74=:6)
03-07)/1<1./)
72-51>15)
044-.41,.)4,)
48-)<09=-)5801.)
0.:)
1.5,32,3041,.)
1.4,)48-)
Q3,0:-3)
C-6)0541<146)*+)
D03;-3N5-.43-:)
'..,<041,.)
G674-;7)O-7-0358+)))
)
)
C-6)0541<146)FB)
(09=-)5801.)0.:)
0/31Q=71.-77)
7=22,34+)))
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
G23061./@)290.41./@)
4,2):3-771./@)2-74)
5,.43,9?)/3,A48)0.:)
61-9:);,.14,31./)
807)Q--.)
5,.:=54-:B)
K*[[])5,;29-41,.L)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
X"
"
0/31Q=71.-77)
-.<13,.;-.4B)
)
)
)
)
)
C-6)0541<146)H+)
G=22,34)_,509)
>05191404,37+)))
)
)
K*[[])5,;29-41,.L)
)
)
'.)0).=;Q-3),>)48-)
<1990/-7@)1.:1<1:=097)
A8,)50.)>=9>19)48-)
3,9-),>)0.)_D)80<-)
.,4)5,;-)>,3A03:)
0.:)4817)17)74199)
;0.0/-:)Q6)XZD)
740>>)
)
K*[[])5,;29-41,.L)
!"#$%&'($)H+)
G43-./48-.)
0.:)=7-)
:1>>-3-.4)
1..,<041,.)
2904>,3;7)07)
0<-.=-7)4,)
7509-),=4)
7=7401.-:)
5,99-541<-)
0541,.)0.:)%M)
2305415-7B)
C-6)0541<146)*B)
D=348-3):-<-9,2)
48-)J034151204,36)
X,.14,31./)0.:)
$<09=041,.)KJXb$L)
>30;-A,3I+))
)
)
)
)
)
C-6)0541<146)FB)
D05191404-)
1..,<041,.)
2904>,3;7)>,3)
9-03.1./)0.:)
.-4A,3I1./+))
)
)
)
)
C-6)0541<146)HB)
G43-./48-.)
'..,<041,.)
J904>,3;7+)
)
)
&A,).-A)1.4-3.7)
A148)XG5f7)1.)
M/315=94=3-)0.:)G,19)
G51-.5-)80<-)Q--.)
Q3,=/84),.)Q,03:)4,)
077174B))
O=.,>>)Q=9I):-.7146)
0.:)WJ)70;291./)
0.:)0.096717?)
;65,4,E1.)
70;291./)
)
K*[[])5,;29-41,.L)
))
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
KS[])5,;29-41,.L)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
K*[[])5,;29-41,.L)
"
K"E'0>70./8('"9/;JA7/09"+;"+89+(/*'9"A'<7I2"]J+;"E07,+9';"/";8/E;J7*"7>"E'0>70./8('"/((709+86"
*7";)66';*'9"8).A'0;"/89"7)*E)*;"+8"*J'"E07E7;/<2"
C"
"
Table 2:&PERFORMANCE&DASHBOARD;&SEPTEMBER&2020*
Outputs*
Proposed* (March*
2019)*
Actual* (Feb*
2020)*
R=;Q-3),>)03-07),>),2-3041,.)
a)
a)
R=;Q-3),>)<1990/-7)0541<-)
*H)
**)
R,),>)9,509)>05191404,37)
T)
a)
R,),>):13-54)Q-.->151031-7?)>03;-3)9-<-9)-E2-31;-.4041,.)
*a[)
*F^)K^HL)
D,::-3)431097)A148)C\RZMOZ)
H)
*)
G40I-8,9:-3)$<-.47)
H)
H)
(09=-)5801.)7=22,34)
R,4):->1.-:)
S)(G_M7)KF).-AL)
F)%,,2-3041<-7)
M34159-7@)5,.>-3-.5-7)
*NH),>)-0)
*)Q,,I)58024-3)
*).041,.09)A-Q1.03)
K'.4-/30)&3=74L)
G,19)70;29-7)
a[)
HS)
"
]J'" */A<'" A'<7I" ;)../0+;';" *J'" E</88'9" /89" /(*)/<" >/0.'0" <','<" '&E'0+.'8*/*+78"
+.E<'.'8*/*+78">70"*J'"#B!CD#B#B"E</8*+86";'/;782"K"*7*/<"7>"78'"J)890'9"/89"*I'8*1D8+8'"Z!#C["
*0+/<"E/0*+(+E/8*;",7<)8*''0'9"*J07)6J"*J'"E</88+86"E07(';;';"/(07;;"!!",+<</6';"+8"*J0''"/0'/;2"
L+8'*1D*J0''"ZC$["7>"*J';'">/0.'0;"E</8*'9"*J'+0"TK">/0.'0"<','<"'&E'0+.'8*/*+78"*0+/<;"Z/07)89"
U#a"7>"E/0*+(+E/8*;[2"O70"*J+;";'/;78"*J'"I'/*J'0"I/;",/0+/A<'\"I+*J"</*'D78;'*"0/+8;"/89"</06'"
,/0+/A+<+*1"+8"0/+8>/<<"/(07;;"/0'/;"/89"*+.'2""
Table 3:!SUMMARY&OF&FARMER&INNOVATION&NUMBER&AND&AREAS&PLANTED&PER&VILLAGE&IN&THIS&CA&PROCESS;&EASTERN&CAPE,&2019-
2020
M3-0)
(1990/-)
F[*^)
4,409)
F[*^)
*st)
9-<-9)
F[*T)
Fnd)
9-<-9)
F[*V)
Hrd)
9-<-9)
F[*d)
ath)
9-<-9)
F[*S)
ath)
9-<-9)
$E2-31;-.40N)
41,.)
%,;;-.47))
X04041-9-)
G-I8=49,./)
a)KHL)
)
*)
)
*)
F)
'.4-353,221./)
7=;;-3)0.:)
A1.4-3)5,<-3)
53,27)
"=9-9A0)
ZY1./A0)`)9,509)
>05191404,3)>,3)
RI0=)0.:)
G-8=49,./B)G8-)
807)5,.41.=-:)4,)
;0.0/-)48-)%M)
-E2-31;-.4041,.)
1.)X04041-9-N))
5,.41.=1./)A148)
0)7;099-3)/3,=2)
,>)203415120.47))
RI0=)
V)KaL)
)
a)
)
F)
*)
XP8,Q1)
^)K*L)
)
)
)
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)
C8=47,./)
*)K*L)
)
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)
*)
'.4-353,221./)
7=;;-3)0.:)
A1.4-3)5,<-3)
53,27@)53,2)
3,4041,.@)
>,::-3)53,27)
&7,9,0.-)
X028--9-))
M.1;09):30A.)
290.4-37)=7-:)
8-3-)1.)903/-3)
03-07)
%3-1/84,.)
X0:Y1I0.-))
D03;-37)
M77,5041,.)
*[KVL)
)
)
F)
T)
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'.4-353,221./@)
7=;;-3)0.:)
A1.4-3)5,<-3)
53,27B)D,::-3)
74312)53,221./@)
F)3,A)290.4-3)
J034.-37812)
CA0R09=B)_,509)
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'.4-353,221./@)
7=;;-3)0.:)
_,509)>05191404,3?)
X7)h9-./1A-)
!B"
"
A1.4-3)5,<-3)
53,27)
&8=71)BM3-0)17)
81996)A148)
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$;0Y0Q-IA-.1)
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d)
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K**L)
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$E20.71,.)03-0)
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7=22,34-:)Q6)
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J901.8199)
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&!&M_)
**)
*F^)
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&,409)03-0)
290.4-:)4,)
431097j)H@VF80)
Budget!
K"*7*/<"A)96'*"7>"YSCS"S#U"I/;"/EE07,'9">70"*J+;"E07f'(*"A1"*J'"R/+V'"]0);*2""4'<7I"+;"/";)../01"
7>"+8,7+(';";)A.+**'92"]J'"E07f'(*"I/;">+8/<+;'9"+8"K)6);*"#B#B2""
Date*
Invoice*No*
*
Description*
Amount*
(Rands)*
F[*^U*[UH*)
G'R([*FTF^)
kGM$%NF[*^NF[F[N
F[F[)*)
X,.4896)1.<,15-)
ad)FHF@TH)
F[*^U**UF^)
G'R([*HHaa)
kGM$%NF[*^NF[F[)F)
X,.4896)1.<,15-)
VV)FH[@[[)
F[F[U[*UH*)
G'R([*H^S*)
kGM$%NF[*^NF[F[NH)
X,.4896)1.<,15-)
^T)[VT@da)
F[F[U[FUFT)
G'R([*aa^d)
kGM$%NF[*^NF[F[N[a)
X,.4896)1.<,15-)
*[[)[aH@[^)
F[F[U[HU*d)
G'R([*aVdT)
**[F)
G,19)h-0948)G,9=41,.7)1.<,15-)
**)Vd[@[[)
F[F[U[HUH[)
G'R([*S[F[)
kGM$%NF[*^NF[F[N[d)
X,.4896)1.<,15-)
SS)*[^@FS)
F[F[U[aUH[)
G'R([*SFad)
kGM$%NF[*^NF[F[N[V)
X,.4896)1.<,15-)
HH)Sd^@aT)
F[F[U[SUH[)
G'R([*SaTH)
kGM$%NF[*^NF[F[N[T)
X,.4896)1.<,15-)
aT)dT*@*a)
F[F[U[dUH[)
G'R([*SVd[)
kGM$%NF[*^NF[F[N[^)
X,.4896)1.<,15-)
aV)SFd@Hd)
F[F[U[VUH[)
)
kGM$%NF[*^NF[F[N*[)
X,.4896)1.<,15-)
VVF^V@VF)
TOTAL*
*
*
*
595*528,51*
"
Overall!trial!design!process!
K;"*J+;"+;"/8"'&+;*+86"h*'(J87<761e"*J'">/0.'0"<','<"'&E'0+.'8*/*+78"+;"+8"';;'8('"/8"/9/E*/*+78"
*0+/<"E07(';;2""
Year%1:%
%&E'0+.'8*/<"9';+68"+;"E0'D9'>+8'9"A1"*J'"0';'/0(J"*'/."ZA/;'9"78"E0',+7);"+.E<'.'8*/*+78"+8"
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Figure 1: Exampleof plot layout for the 1stlevel farmer trials
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PLOT 1: Hand HoePLOT 2: Planter
Maize1,bean1Maize2,Bean 1Maize1,bean1Maize 2, Bean1
Maize1,Bean 2Maize2,Bean2Maize1,Bean2Maize2,Bean2
PLOT 3: OR repeat plot 1 and 2PLOT 4:
Hand hoePlanter Hand hoePlanter
Maize1,cowpeaMaize1,cowpea
Maize1,Dolichos
Maize1,dolichos
Maize 2, CowpeaMaize 2, Cowpea
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Soil'health'tests'parameters
1
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Figure 2: Summary of soil health scores for three seasons across 4 villages in SKZN
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Figure 3: Soil health scores for 3 villages in Matatiele: 2016 and 2019
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Soil%Health%Scores%Matatiele:%2015-2019
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Figure 4: Suammry of organic Nitrogen availability and rand values of inorganic nitrogen saved for SKZN:2019/20
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Soil'health'considerations;'PLFA'SKZN'2019/20'
Overall*distribution*of*microorganisms*
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Figure 5: PLFA results for three participants in SKZN: 2019/20
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Figure 6: PLFA analysis for Matatiele:2019
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Table 4: Bulk densitycalculations for two villages in SKZN, 2019-2020
Name%and%
Surname%
Village%
Bulk%density%(g/cm3)%
CA%cropping%options%
CA%control%
M+B%
M+CP%
SCC%
LabLab%
Ave%CA%trial%
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;+.+</0"A)<5"9'8;+*+';">70"J'0"T/"(78*07<"Z;+86<'"(07EE'9"TK"./+V'["/89"J'0".)<*+D(07EE'9"E<7*;2"
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;J7I'9"J+6J'0"A)<5"9'8;+*1"*J/8"(78,'8*+78/<<1"*+<<'9"E<7*;"/89".)<*+D(07EE'9"E<7*;\";E'(+>+(/<<1"
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Crop!water!productivity!
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+8"0/+8">'9"/60+()<*)0/<";1;*'.;2"R'*J79;">70"+.E07,+86"TgG"/*">+'<9"<','<"+8(<)9'"(07E";'<'(*+78\"
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/EE07E0+/*'2"K,'0/6'"gG">70"./+V'"+;"!\#D#\$"56Q.3"ZOK:\"#BB$[2"
=8"*J+;"0';'/0(J"E07(';;"gG"J/;"A''8"(7.E/0'9">70"9+>>'0'8*"(07E;"/89"(07E"(7.A+8/*+78;")89'0"
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);'9"*7"E079)('"*J/*"E/0*+()</0"1+'<92"]J'0'"/0'";*/89/09".'*J79;");'9"+8"I705+86"7)*"*J'"1+'<9"
Z'262"E)**+86"*J'"J/0,';*'9"60/+8"70"A+7./;;"78"/";(/<'"/89"I'+6J+86"+*\"I'+6J+86"/";/.E<'"7>"(7A;"
>70"./+V'"/89"';*+./*+86"1+'<9");+86"*J'"E</8*"E7E)</*+78[2"]J'"(J/<<'86'"+;"+8"9'*'0.+8+86"*J'"
,7<).'"7>"I/*'0");'9"*7"E079)('"*J'"1+'<92"]J'0'"/0'"/"(7)E<'"7>".'*J79;"Z;+.E<'"/89".70'"
(7.E<+(/*'9[");'9"+8"9'*'0.+8+86"*J'",7<).'"7>"I/*'0");'92"
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6/*J'0'9">07."/)*7./*+("I'/*J'0";*/*+78;2"]J+;"+8>70./*+78"(/8"A'");'9"*7"A'8(J./05";+.E<'0"
.'*J79;");'9"+8"*J'">+'<9\"*J/*">/0.'0;"(/8"A'"+8,7<,'9"+82"]J';'"%]0",/<)';"/0'"*J'8".)<*+E<+'9"
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);'9"*7"E079)('"*J'"1+'<92"
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"
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L6)A7">07."R/9V+5/8'"/89"-E0+86"W/<<'1\0';E'(*+,'<1\"IJ7"J/,'"A''8"+.E<'.'8*+86"TK">70"/"
E'0+79"7>"#"*7"$"1'/0;2"g/*'0"E079)(*+,+*1">70"9+>>'0'8*"TK"(07EE+86"7E*+78;"I/;"(/<()</*'9">70"
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]J'"7E*+78;"I'0'"/"RDTK"(78*07<"Z(78;'()*+,'<1".787D(07EE'9"./+V'[M"RoTGDTK"*0+/<"Z./+V'"/89"
(7IE'/"+8*'0(07EE'9"E<7*"+8"/"07*/*+78";1;*'.["/89"TKDRo4"*0+/<"Z./+V'"/89"A'/8"+8*'0(07EE'9"
E<7*"+8"/"07*/*+78";1;*'.[2"]J'"/+."I/;"*7"/;('0*/+8"IJ'*J'0"*J'"9+>>'0'8*"(07EE+86"7E*+78;"I+*J+8"
*J'"TK";1;*'."E07,+9'">70"9+>>'0'8*"I/*'0"E079)(*+,+*1"7)*(7.';2"]J'"0';)<*;"/0'";J7I8"+8"*J'"
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(A;8R)$*R,2$A>;6AFg)75<?8):A>;6AFP)$*2,efg)75<?8)5>B)L85>)<>;86:6A@)5>B)$*2,e$0)g75<?8)5>B):AD@85)<>;86:6A@)
Figure 8: Water productivity calculations for two participants form SKZN: 2019-2020
O07."*J'"/A7,'">+6)0'"+*"(/8"A'";''8"*J/*@"
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Ø*J'"gG">70"*J'"TK"+8*'0(07EE'9"E<7*;"ZT/DRo4"/89"TKDRoTG["+;";)A;*/8*+/<<1"J+6J'0"
*J/8"*J'"TK";+86<'"(07EE'9"./+V'"(78*07<;\">70"A7*J"E/0*+(+E/8*;2""
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Water%Productivty%(kg/m3)
WP#(kg/m3)
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+89+(/*+86"*J'"/9,/8*/6';"7>"+8*'0(07EE+86"+8"*J'"TK";1;*'.2"
]J'"TgG"I/;"/<;7"(/<()</*'9">70"*J'"/A7,'"
607)89"./+V'"E</8*"./*'0+/<\"Z;*/<5;"/89"
<'/,';[2"O07."*J'";./<<">+6)0'"/<786;+9'"+*"
(/8"A'";''8"*J/*"*J'";+86<'"(07EE'9"./+V'"
E<7*;"ZTK"(78*07<;["E07,+9'9">70"J+6J'0"./+V'"
A+7./;;"*J/8"TK"+8*'0(07EE'9"E<7*;"I+*J"
A'/8;"/89"(7IE'/;2"]J+;"0';)<*"+;"9+>>'0'8*"
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gG"7>"./+V'"A+7./;;"E079)(*+782"T789+*+78;"+8"-?PL";J7I"/"J+6J'0"0/+8>/<<"/89"<7I'0"
',/E7*0/8;E+0/*+78"0/*'"*J/8"4'06,+<<'"/89"<7I'0"I/*'0"E079)(*+,+*1"0';)<*;"/0'".70'"<+5'<1"*7"
A'"9)'"*7";7+<"(789+*+78;"70"<+.+*'9"(7.E'*+*+78"A'*I''8"*J'"(07E;2""
Progress!per!area!of!implementation!
Summary'of'yield'measurements'
H+'<9;"/0'".'/;)0'9"A1"*/5+86";/.E<';"7>"$"(7A;">70."'/(J"SB56"A/6");'9">70"J/0,';*+86"/89"
/,'0/6+86"*J'"(7A"/89"60/+8"I'+6J*\".)<*+E<+'9"I+*J"*J'"8).A'0"7>"(7A;"E'0"A/6"/89"*J'"8).A'0"
7>"A/6;"E'0"E<7*2""
]J+;";'/;78"J/;";''8".)(J".70'"+8*'8;+,'");'"7>"(07E;">70"J7);'J7<9"E)0E7;';"/89";/<';\"9)'"*7"
*J'" +8(0'/;'9" E0';;)0'" 7>" T=W:^D!C" 78" >779" /,/+</A+<+*1" +8" *J'" ,+<</6';2" ]J'" ;'/;78\" I+*J" /8"
/,'0/6'"/88)/<"0/+8>/<<"7>"/07)89"CBB..">70"#B!CD#B#B\"I/;"(789)(+,'"*7"/"0'/;78/A<'"./+V'"
1+'<9"/89"78"/,'0/6'"*J'0'"J/;"A''8"/";)A;*/8*+/<"+8(0'/;'"+8"1+'<9;"IJ'8"(7.E/0'9"*7"#B!XD
#B!C2"]J0''";)((';;+,'"J/+<";*70.;"+8"</*'"^'('.A'0"9'(+./*'9"*J'"<'6).';"ZA'/8;"/89"(7IE'/;["
>70".7;*"7>"*J'"E/0*+(+E/8*;2"]J7;'"Z/07)89"$#a"7>"E/0*+(+E/8*;["IJ7"';(/E'9"*J';'"9',/;*/*+86"
;*70.;" J/,'" E079)('9" ,'01" J+6J" A'/8" 1+'<9;"IJ'8"(7.E/0'9" *7"E0',+7);" ;'/;78;2"H+'<9"
.'/;)0'.'8*;"I'0'")89'0*/5'8">70"$B"E/0*+(+E/8*;"Z*J7;'"IJ7"./8/6'9"*7"J/0,';*"A7*J"./+V'"
/89"A'/8;["/(07;;"U",+<</6';\"*7"E07,+9'"*J'"/88)/<"';*+./*';"7>"/,'0/6'"TK"1+'<9;2"-'E/0/*+78"7>"
J/0,';*;">70"*J'"9+>>'0'8*"TK"(07EE+86"7E*+78;"(7)<9"87*"A'"978'"*J+;";'/;78"/89"(7.E/0+;78;"+;"
./9'"A'*I''8"TK"*0+/<"E<7*;"Z+8*'0"(07EE'9"E<7*;"I+*J"./+V'"/89"A'/8;"/89"./+V'"/89"(7IE'/;"
/;"I'<<"/;"E<7*;"IJ'0'"(07E"07*/*+78"J/;"A''8"E0/(*+('9["(7.E/0'9"*7"TK"(78*07<"E<7*;"*J/*"J/,'"
A''8"E</8*'9"*7"/";+86<'"(07E"7>"./+V'">70"*J'"'8*+0'"E'0+79"ZA'*I''8"#"*7"3"1'/0;"9'E'89+86"78"
*J'"E/0*+(+E/8*[2"]J'">+6)0'"A'<7I"E07,+9';"/";)../01"7>"/<<"TK"1+'<9;">70"*J+;";'/;78"
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Maize%biomass%(kg/m3);%SKZN
$B"
"
"
Figure 9: Maize and bean yields for CA trial and control plots for SKZN and EC:2019/20
K,'0/6'"TK"./+V'"/89"A'/8"1+'<9;"J/,'"A''8"J+6J'0"*J+;";'/;78"*J/8"/81"7>"*J'"E0',+7);";'/;78;"
>70"*J+;";+*'2"=8"/99+*+78\"*J+;"J/;"A''8"*J'">+0;*";'/;78"IJ'0'"*J'"TK"*0+/<"E<7*"1+'<9;"J/,'"A''8"
J+6J'0"*J/8"*J'"(78*07<"E<7*"1+'<9;2"T78*07<"E<7*;">70"*J'"E/;*"3";'/;78;"J/,'"A''8"TK"E<7*;\"A)*"
E</8*'9"(78;+;*'8*<1"*7"./+V'"78<12""
Table 5: Summary of crop yields within CA trials for SKZN&EC: 2013-2020
SKZN*&*EC*yield*summaries:*2013-2020*
)G-07,.)
F[*H)
F[*a)
F[*S)
F[*d)
F[*V)
F[*T)
2019)
R,),>)<1990/-7)
a)
*[)
T)
T)
*H)
*H)
11)
R,),>)43109)203415120.47)
FH)
*d)
aH)
Sa)
^H)
VS)
93)
M3-0)290.4-:)K431097L)N)80)
[@Hd)
[@H)
[@HV)
*@*T)
H@ST)
a)
3,72)
M<-30/-)61-9:)%M)43109);01Y-)K4U80L)
[@^S)
[@V)
*@HV)
F@SF)
F@*V)
F@d)
3,4)
M<-30/-)61-9:)5,.43,9);01Y-)K4U80)
N)
N)
N)
[@aa)
F@aS)
H@a)
2,3)
X1.)0.:);0E)61-9:)%M);01Y-)K4U80L)
[@HN*@V)
[@HN*@T)
[@SNa@a)
*@*NS@F)
[@FNd@V)
[@FNd@^)
0,3-9,6)
M<-30/-)43109)P=0.4146),>);01Y-)KI/L)
*S))
da)
*FS)
*d*)
dd)
^V)
78)
"
O07." *J'" */A<'" /A7,'" +*" (/8" A'" ;''8" *J/*" *J'" 1+'<9;" >70" 9+>>'0'8*" E/0*+(+E/8*;\" ;J7I8" J'0'" /;"
.+8+.)."/89"./&+.)."TK"./+V'"1+'<9;\";*+<<",/01"(78;+9'0/A<1\"A)*"*J/*"*J'"./&+.)."1+'<9;"
7A*/+8'9"J/,'"A''8"+8(0'/;+86";*'/9+<1">07."78'"1'/0"*7"*J'"8'&*2"=8"/99+*+78\"*J'"E07E70*+78"7>"
E/0*+(+E/8*;"IJ7"/0'"./8/6+86"0'/;78/A<'"Z#D3*QJ/["/89"6779"Zu3*QJ/["1+'<9;\"+;"87I"/07)89"
SBa"7>"*J'"*7*/<"8).A'0"7>"E/0*+(+E/8*;\"/;";J7I8"+8"*J'";./<<"*/A<'"A'<7I2"]J+;"+;"(78;+9'0'9"/"
;+68+>+(/8*"+.E07,'.'8*2"
Range of yields(t/ha)
No of participants
% of total (N=30)
<1
4
13%
1 to 2
11
37%
2 to 4
9
30%
>4
6
20%
"
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,[H7(&'(&*+,-*.(/7=Q4 %"%E $"FFF"FC #"BF $"!% $"%B %"%C
,[H7(&'(147+> !"ID !"EB $"%E !"CF !"#E !"F$ F"F% $"$%
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4U80
CA%yields%for%SKZN%and%EC:%2019/20
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Maize%yields%per%area%of%implementation%
]J'0'"/0'",/0+/*+78;"+8"E079)(*+78"A'*I''8",+<</6';\"/;"*J'1"/0'";E'/0"/(07;;"b)+*'"/"</06'"/0'/"
7>";7)*J'08"?PLM">07."*J'"_.57.//;",/<<'1"97I8"*7I/09;"=&7E7"/89"*J'8">)0*J'0"+8</89"
*7I/09;"T0'+6J*782"
Springvalley
]I7"8'I"E/0*+(+E/8*;"f7+8'9"*J+;";'/;78"+8"-E0+86,/<<'1M"R0;"?JI'</"/89"R0;"-J7A/2"R0;"?JI'</"
+;" /8" 7<9" /6'" E'8;+78'0" IJ7" ;*/1;" A1" J'0;'<>" 607I+86" ./+V'" /89" A'/8;" >70" J7);'J7<9"
(78;).E*+782"N'**/"L6)A7"Z/"3th"1'/0"E/0*+(+E/8*["7)*E'0>70.'9"','0178'"+8"*J'"*0+/<;"I+*J"/"
1+'<9"7>"C\F*QJ/M"*I+('"J'0"(78*07<"/*"$\S*QJ/2"4'<7I"+;"/"A/0"60/EJ";J7I+86"1+'<9;">70"A7*J"*0+/<;"
/89"(78*07<;"+8"-E0+86,/<<'12""
Figure 10: Bar graph showing Springvalley maize yields
Ngongonini
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#!BN"E</;*+("90).2"^)0+86"*J'";'/;78"J+;"./+V'"I/;"*/<<"I+*J"*J+(5";*0786";*/<5;"/89"077*;">+0."+8"
*J'"607)89"/;"I'<<"/;"A+6"(7A;2"R0"c/.'9'"+;"87I"(78,+8('9"*J/*"TK"+;"*J'"I/1"*7"67">70"/;"<786"
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Figure 11: Gamede's maize and bean harvests
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Figure 13: Ngongonini yields sheet
Figure 12:Left:Sylvina Kheswa'sShort season maize (PAN 5A190) during the season and Right: Her maize harvest stored in 50kg
bags inside one of her dwellings; here showing OPV yellow maize (Colorado) and the PAN5A190..
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Madzikane
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%
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;EE[\]/<<" >';()'"ZO';*)(/[" /89" 4/J+/" 60/;;"ZG'8;+(7</[[" >799'0" (07E;2" "]J'" >/0.'0;" (J7;'" 78'"
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6'0.+8/*+78"I/;"<+.+*'9"/89"60/;;';";J/9'9"*77".)(J">70";)A;'b)'8*"607I*J2"
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Figure 14: Madzikane trial and
control yields comparison"
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Figure 15: Above Left and Right; limited germination and growth of grasses between maturing maize strips and weed
infestation, which for all practical purposes reduced the growth of the planted grasses to zero.
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/";)EE<1"7>">799'0">70"J+;"<+,';*7(52"
Figure 16: Above Left: Small blocks of perennial grass species planted in Mr Xaba’s homestead plot and Above right:
Janapese radish, also in his homestead plot
Case study: Mr Cosomos Xaba from Madzikane
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Figure 17: Above Left; Threshedmaize bagged and ready and Above Right:Loadedon his bakkie for delivery.
R0"m/A/"/<;7"0'('8*<1"E)0(J/;'9"J+;"7I8"*0/(*70M"/"R/;;'1"O'06);;78"$S\"/;"J'"I/8*;"*7"I705"/*"
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Figure 18:Mr Xaba’s Massey Ferguson tractor)*
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Figure 20: Right: Noluthano Phili’s CA
maize and bean intercropped plot
showing good growth and canopy cover.
Stakeholder!forums!and!innovation!platforms!
Ofafa'Land'Care'CA'open'day'report''
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Figure 19: Tsoloane's winter relay cover crop
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Figure 21: Above Left: Mazwi Dlamini providing the CA principles and soil health power point input and Above Right: A small
group discussing options for improved production in Mrs Ndlovu’s field
Figure 22: Above Left: Participants in the Ofafa open day andAbove Right: A presentation of different CA planters and seed
varieties for cover crops and crop diversification
Cooperative'formation'
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Figure 23” The Senzokule group during their share out
session in April 2020
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!!
))
MASAKHANE!GROUP!RECORDS!!
))
))
Feb-20!
Mar-20!
Apr-20!
May-20!
Jun-20!
Jul-20!
TOTAL!
(A)!total!shares!bought!today!
bQ)
bb)
aT)
aW)
aV)
VS)
W`W)
(B)!total!value!of!shares!bought!today!
)1))))b)QSS))
)1)))))))))b)bSS))
1)a)TSS))
1)a)WSS))
1))))a)VSS))
1))))V)SSS))
)1)))))W`)WSSPSS))
(C)!total!loans!repaid!today!
))
!!
1)T)WWS)
1)W)WTS)
1)b)QIS)
1)IQ)TIS)
)1)))))Qb)TVSPSS))
(D)!total!loans!issued!today!
))
))
1)c)WSS))
1)IW)aSS))
1))))Q)cSS))
1)IW)cSS))
)1)))))T`)QSSPSS))
(E)!money!in!the!box!
)1))))Q)VSS))
)1)V)bbS))
)1)W)b`S))
1)Ic)SbS))
1)Ic)`Sc))
1)IV)`bc))
))
Figure 23: Above Left: The Masibambane share out meeting in march 2020 and Above right: Ofofa learning group members
in an introductor sessions for VSLA with Nqe Dlamini
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References!
KA/I+\"c2"-2\"d"g+9.'0\"]2"N2"Z#BBB[2"=.E/(*"7>";7+<"J'/<*J"./8/6'.'8*"E0/(*+(';"78";7+<A708'"
E/*J76'8;\"8'./*79';"/89"077*"9+;'/;';"7>",'6'*/A<'"(07E;2"Appl.Soil*Ecol.,*15\"$UD3U2"
97+@"!B2!B!FQ-BC#CD!$C$ZBB[BBBUBDF%
4/61/0/f\"^2"q2\"d"K;JI+8\"Y2"Z#B!U[2"-7+<"A+79+,'0;+*1@"07<'"+8";);*/+8/A<'"J70*+()<*)0'2"2"Biodivers.*
Hortic.*Crops,*5\"!D!X2"97+@"!B2!B!FQf2f'8,./82#B!U2BX2BB!"
T/,/<+'0+\"?2"R2\"9/"-+<,/\"K2"G2\"N's7\"]2"G2\"^'&*'0\"K2"Y2\"d"`t5/8;;78\"=2"Z#BBC[2"N786D*'0."'>>'(*;"
7>"87D*+<</6'"78";7+<"EJ1;+(/<"E07E'0*+';"+8"/"YJ79+("O'00/;7<"+8"G/0/8w\"40V+<2"Soil*and*
Tillage*Research,*103\"!SXD!F32"
OK:2"Z#BB$[2"Unlocking*the*Water*Potential*of*Agriculture."Y'*0+','9">07."
J**E@QQIII2>/72706Q$Q13S#S'Q13S#S'BB2J*.xT78*'8*;"
O0/(\"R2\"`/88)</\"-2"%2\"4'<5/\"R2\"d"q'901(V5/\"R2"Z#B!X[2"O)86/<"4+79+,'0;+*1"/89"]J'+0"Y7<'"+8"
-7+<"`'/<*J2"Front*Microbiol2"Y'*0+','9">07."J**E;@QQ97+2706Q!B2$$XCQ>.+(A2#B!X2BBUBU"
c+<<'0\"?2"%2\"g+**'0\"%2\"T70A''<;\"R2\"d"]+**78'<<\"G2"Z#BBC[2"Y',+'I@"T78;'0,/*+78"/60+()<*)0'"/89"
;./<<J7<9'0">/0.+86"+8"K>0+(/M"]J'"J'0'*+(y;",+'I2"Field*Crops*Research\"EE2"#$D$32"
c7;;\"R2"q2\"d"9'W/0'88';\"K2"Z#BB#[2"-7+<"9+;*)0A/8('"0'9)(';"*J'"'>>+(/(1"7>".1(700J+V/<"
/;;7(+/*+78;">70"'/0<1";71A'/8"607I*J"/89"L#">+&/*+782"2"$3\"!!FUi!!U$2"97+@2"Soil*Biol.*
Biochem,*34\"!!FUD!!U$2"97+@!B2!B!FQ-BB$XDBU!UZB#[BBBS$DF"
cY^T2"Z#B!3[2"R'/;)0+86"/89".78+*70+86"(J/86';"+8";7+<"706/8+("(/0A78"/(()0/*'<1"2"
^'E/0*.'8*"7>"K60+()<*)0'"/89"O779\"c7,'08.'8*"7>"g';*'08"K);*0/<+/2"
`770./8\"q2"q2"Z#B#B[2"CFAES.*Role*of*soil*bacteria."Y'*0+','9"BF"!3\"#B#B\">07.":J+7<+8'M":J+7"
-*/*'"_+,'0;+*12"@"J**E;@QQ7J+7<+8'27;)2'9)Q>/(*;J''*Q/80D$F"
=86J/.\"%2"Y2"Z#BBC[2"TJ/E*'0"3@"-7+<"O)86);"2"=8"Soil*Biology*Primer"ZEE2"##D#$[2"K85'81"=K@"-7+<"
d"g/*'0"T78;'0,/*+78"-7(+'*12"Y'*0+','9">07."
J**E@QQIII2;7+<;2);9/267,Q;b+Q(78('E*;Q;7+<zA+7<761"
q7J8;\"T2"Z#B!U[2"Living*Soils:*The*Role*of*Microorganisms*in*Soil*Health."^/<5'+*J\"K);*0/<+/@"
O)*)0'"^+0'(*+78;"=8*'08/*+78/<2"-*0/*'6+("/8/<1;+;"E/E'02"
R7*/)86\"G2"Z#B#B[2"%,/<)/*+86";7+<"J'/<*J"7>";./<<J7<9'0"./+V'".787(07E;"/89"+8*'0(07E;");+86"
b)/<+*/*+,'"/89"b)/8*+*/*+,'";7+<"b)/<+*1"/;;';;.'8*".'*J79;2"G0'*70+/@"R-("*J';+;"+8"-7+<"
-(+'8('\"_8+,'0;+*1"7>"G0'*70+/2"
-J'+5\"T2"-2\"4'/;<'1\"`2"g2\"%<;J/J'9\"R2"-2\"PJ7)\"m2\"N)7\"H2\"d"?0).J7<V\"N2"Y2"Z#B!![2"%>>'(*"7>"
I/0.+86"/89"907)6J*"78"60/;;</89".+(07A+/<"(7..)8+*+';2"ISME*J,*5*(10)\"!FC#D!UBB2"
97+@!B2!B$XQ+;.'f2#B!!2$#"
-*7<A7,71\"W2\"R78*/8/0'<</\"N2\"O+<+EE+\"L2\"q78';\"K2\"c/<<'67\"q2\"d"c0/;;+\"c2"Z#BBU[2"Soil*sampling*
protocol*to*certify*the*changes*of*organic*carbon*stock*in*minteral*soil*of*the*European*
Union.*Version*2."N)&'.A7)062"=-4L@"CUXDC#DUCDBS$UCDS@"%_Y"#!SUF"%LQ#2"SF"EE2"
:>>+('">70":>>+(+/<"G)A<+(/*+78;"7>"*J'"%)07E'/8"T7..)8+*+';2"
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q/57A;'8\"=2"Z#B!X[2"-)EE0';;+78"7>"*J'"/(*+,+*1"7>"/0A);()</0".1(700J+V/<">)86+"A1"*J'"
;7+<".+(07A+7*/2"THE*ISME*Journal\"!#CFD!$BU2"97+@!B2!B$XQ;3!$CFDB!XDBBSCD$"
-I/8'E7'<\"T2"R2\"-I/8'E7'<\"N2"`2\"d"-.+*J\"`2"q2"Z#B!U[2"K"0',+'I"7>"(78;'0,/*+78"/60+()<*)0'"
0';'/0(J"+8"-7)*J"K>0+(/2"South*African*Journal*of*Plant*and*Soil\"!D!B2"
97+@!B2!BXBQB#SU!XF#2#B!U2!$CBF!S"
g+5+E'9+/2"Z#B#B\"KE0+<[2"Phospholipid-derived*fatty*acids."Y'*0+','9">07."
{J**E;@QQ'82I+5+E'9+/2706QIQ+89'&2EJE|*+*<'nGJ7;EJ7<+E+9D
9'0+,'9z>/**1z/(+9;d7<9+9nCS#USXC!!{"
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